Developing Ecosystem-based solutions for managing biodiversity landscapes in Bhutan

Introduction

The objective of the project is to establish approaches and tools for protecting and managing the Critically Endangered White-bellied Heron (WBH) habitats along Punatsangchhu and Mangdechhu basins, central part of Bhutan. It is funded by the Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU), Germany through International Climate Initiative (IKI) with co-funding from MAVA Foundation, Switzerland and the Royal Society for Protection of Nature (RSPN). The project is implemented in collaboration with the Royal Government of Bhutan and other stakeholders.

  • Start Date: July 1, 2021 
  • End Date: June 30, 2026 
  • Project Budget: EUR 4.11 Million

Impact:

WBH population stable or increasing in Bhutan and other Himalayan countries through ecosystem-based conservation measures.

Outcome:

Effective adaptive ecosystem solutions for WBH conservation in Bhutan (and other Himalayan countries) created through habitat restoration and livelihood enhancement.

Output:

  1. Ecosystem-based biodiversity survey and community engagement strategies for WBH conservation based on Ecosystem and Socio-economic Resilience Analysis and Mapping (ESRAM) approach, designed and applied.
  2. Degraded and new potential WBH habitats rehabilitated and created (feeding, roosting and nesting).
  3. Capacity of all stakeholders on planning and implementation of ESRAM study, ecosystem-based adaptation and livelihood options strengthened.   4.Ecosystem-based adaptation livelihood options in the WBH habitat areas, applied and established.
  4. Ecosystem-based adaptation livelihood options in the WBH habitat areas, applied and established.
  5. Knowledge based on ecosystem-based biodiversity conservation, WBH habitat and population and climate adaptation, established and disseminated.

Project Area:

The project covers Punakha, Tsirang, Dagana, Wangdue Phodrang, Trongsa and Zhemgang districts.

Program Updates

𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗴𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵 𝗖𝗹𝗶𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗦𝗺𝗮𝗿𝘁 𝗟𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗰𝗸 𝗜𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗽𝗲

𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗴𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵 𝗖𝗹𝗶𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗦𝗺𝗮𝗿𝘁 𝗟𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗰𝗸 𝗜𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗽𝗲

𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘂𝗹𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗠𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗻 𝗗𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗦𝗲𝗲𝗱 𝗕𝗮𝗻𝗸𝘀

𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘂𝗹𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗠𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗻 𝗗𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗦𝗲𝗲𝗱 𝗕𝗮𝗻𝗸𝘀

𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗧𝗵𝗮-𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗸𝗵𝗮𝗶 𝗗𝘇𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻

𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗧𝗵𝗮-𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗸𝗵𝗮𝗶 𝗗𝘇𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗧𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗳f

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗧𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗳f

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗧𝘀𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗢𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗹𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗞𝗶𝗹𝗸𝗵𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗚𝗲𝘄𝗼𝗴 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗳𝗳𝘀

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗧𝘀𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗢𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗹𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗞𝗶𝗹𝗸𝗵𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗚𝗲𝘄𝗼𝗴 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗳𝗳𝘀

𝗥𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗕𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲: 𝗘𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰 𝗙𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻

𝗥𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗕𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲: 𝗘𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰 𝗙𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗧𝘀𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗰𝗸, 𝗔𝗴𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘂𝗹𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝘀𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘁𝗼𝗲 𝗚𝗲𝘄𝗼𝗴 𝗢𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗹𝘀

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗧𝘀𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗰𝗸, 𝗔𝗴𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘂𝗹𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝘀𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘁𝗼𝗲 𝗚𝗲𝘄𝗼𝗴 𝗢𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗹𝘀

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗕𝗷𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘁𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗸𝗵𝗮 𝗣𝗿𝗶𝗺𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗕𝗷𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘁𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗸𝗵𝗮 𝗣𝗿𝗶𝗺𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗗𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗛𝗶𝗴𝗵𝗲𝗿 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗗𝗮𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗛𝗶𝗴𝗵𝗲𝗿 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗧𝘀𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘁𝗼𝗲 𝗖𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗳𝗳 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗧𝘀𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘁𝗼𝗲 𝗖𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗳𝗳 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗧𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗸𝗵𝗮𝗿 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗧𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗸𝗵𝗮𝗿 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝘁𝗼 𝗠𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹

𝗘𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹 𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗦𝗮𝘃𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻

𝗘𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗹 𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗦𝗮𝘃𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗛𝘆𝗱𝗿𝗼𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰 𝗘𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗼𝘆𝗲𝗲𝘀.

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗛𝘆𝗱𝗿𝗼𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰 𝗘𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗼𝘆𝗲𝗲𝘀.

𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗰𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗹𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗡𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗖𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻.

𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗰𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗹𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗡𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗖𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻.

𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗚𝘂𝗺𝘁𝗶 𝗘𝗰𝗼𝘁𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗺 𝗶𝗻 𝗦𝗼𝘂𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗻 𝗕𝗵𝘂𝘁𝗮𝗻

𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗶𝘀𝗰𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗚𝘂𝗺𝘁𝗶 𝗘𝗰𝗼𝘁𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗺 𝗶𝗻 𝗦𝗼𝘂𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗻 𝗕𝗵𝘂𝘁𝗮𝗻

𝗥𝗲𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗡𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲

𝗥𝗲𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗡𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲

𝗘𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗺𝗽𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗦𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗧𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗺 𝘁𝗵𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆-𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗲𝗱 𝗧𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗺 (𝗖𝗕𝗧) 𝗶𝗻 𝗘𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘁𝘀

𝗘𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗺𝗽𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗦𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗧𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗺 𝘁𝗵𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆-𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗲𝗱 𝗧𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗺 (𝗖𝗕𝗧) 𝗶𝗻 𝗘𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘁𝘀

𝗦𝗼𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘆 𝗗𝗮𝘆

𝗦𝗼𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘆 𝗗𝗮𝘆

𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗴𝗿𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗩𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗛𝗼𝗺𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘆 𝗖𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 -𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗱𝗼𝗼𝗿𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝘂𝗻𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗴𝗲𝘁𝘁𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗰𝘂𝗹𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗶𝗺𝗺𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻

𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗴𝗿𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝘀𝗲𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗩𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝗛𝗼𝗺𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘆 𝗖𝗲𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 -𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗱𝗼𝗼𝗿𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝘂𝗻𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗴𝗲𝘁𝘁𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗰𝘂𝗹𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗶𝗺𝗺𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻

𝗔𝗻𝗻𝘂𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗼𝗽𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗦𝘂𝗿𝘃𝗲𝘆 𝗥𝗲𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 – 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟰 𝗟𝗮𝘂𝗻𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗱

𝗔𝗻𝗻𝘂𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗼𝗽𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗦𝘂𝗿𝘃𝗲𝘆 𝗥𝗲𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 – 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟰 𝗟𝗮𝘂𝗻𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗱

𝗕𝗠𝗨𝗩 𝗱𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝘃𝗶𝘀𝗶𝘁 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗠𝗨𝗩-𝗜𝗞𝗜 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁  

𝗕𝗠𝗨𝗩 𝗱𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝘃𝗶𝘀𝗶𝘁 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗠𝗨𝗩-𝗜𝗞𝗜 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁  

𝗘𝗻𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝘁𝗵𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵 𝗘𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗮𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴

𝗘𝗻𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝘁𝗵𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵 𝗘𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗮𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗣𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗮𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴

𝗘𝗻𝘀𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗦𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗪𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗔𝗰𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀: 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗥𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗪𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗹𝘆 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗲 (𝗥𝗪𝗦𝗦) 𝗶𝗻 𝗪𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗱𝘂𝗲 𝗣𝗵𝗼𝗱𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴

𝗘𝗻𝘀𝘂𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗦𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗪𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗔𝗰𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀: 𝗠𝗼𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗥𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗪𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗹𝘆 𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗲 (𝗥𝗪𝗦𝗦) 𝗶𝗻 𝗪𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗱𝘂𝗲 𝗣𝗵𝗼𝗱𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴

𝗔𝗻𝗻𝘂𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗼𝗽𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗦𝘂𝗿𝘃𝗲𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗼 𝗯𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗳𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝟭𝘀𝘁 -𝟱𝘁𝗵 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟰

𝗔𝗻𝗻𝘂𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗼𝗽𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗦𝘂𝗿𝘃𝗲𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗼 𝗯𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗳𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝟭𝘀𝘁 -𝟱𝘁𝗵 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟰

𝗘𝘅𝗽𝗹𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗼𝘂𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗱 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝗮𝘁 𝗚𝘂𝗺𝘁𝗶 𝗘𝗰𝗼𝘁𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗺

𝗘𝘅𝗽𝗹𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗼𝘂𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗱 𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝗮𝘁 𝗚𝘂𝗺𝘁𝗶 𝗘𝗰𝗼𝘁𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗺

𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗦𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗧𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗺 𝗮𝘁 𝗦𝘂𝗻𝗸𝗼𝘀𝗵 𝗩𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗮𝗴𝗲

𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗦𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗧𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗺 𝗮𝘁 𝗦𝘂𝗻𝗸𝗼𝘀𝗵 𝗩𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗮𝗴𝗲

𝗥𝗦𝗣𝗡 𝘁𝗲𝗮𝗺 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗘𝘅𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗴𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘂𝗹𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗼𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗯𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗵𝘆𝗯𝗿𝗶𝗱 𝘀𝗲𝗲𝗱 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘀𝗲𝗲𝗱𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝟭𝟯𝟱 𝗵𝗼𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝘀 𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗿 𝗡𝗶𝗺𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝘄𝗼𝗴, 𝗧𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗴𝘀𝗮 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗯𝘂𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝘄𝗼𝗴, 𝗗𝗮𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗮 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘁𝘀

𝗥𝗦𝗣𝗡 𝘁𝗲𝗮𝗺 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗘𝘅𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗴𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘂𝗹𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗼𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗯𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗵𝘆𝗯𝗿𝗶𝗱 𝘀𝗲𝗲𝗱 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘀𝗲𝗲𝗱𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝟭𝟯𝟱 𝗵𝗼𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝘀 𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗿 𝗡𝗶𝗺𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝘄𝗼𝗴, 𝗧𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗴𝘀𝗮 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗡𝗼𝗿𝗯𝘂𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝘄𝗼𝗴, 𝗗𝗮𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗮 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘁𝘀

𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗻𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗶𝘁𝘆

𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗻𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗶𝘁𝘆

𝗖𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗰𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗽 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗟𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗽(𝗟𝗖𝗦𝗚)

𝗖𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗰𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗽 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗟𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗽(𝗟𝗖𝗦𝗚)

𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗴𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗶𝗻 𝗟𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿 𝗪𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗵𝘂 𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗶𝗻

𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗴𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗶𝗻 𝗟𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿 𝗪𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗖𝗵𝘂 𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗶𝗻

𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗼𝗻 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘁-𝗵𝗮𝗿𝘃𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝘁𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗻𝗶𝗾𝘂𝗲𝘀, 𝗣𝗲𝘀𝘁𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗲𝗮𝘀𝗲 𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗳𝗼𝗼𝗱 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴

𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗼𝗻 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝘁-𝗵𝗮𝗿𝘃𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝘁𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗻𝗶𝗾𝘂𝗲𝘀, 𝗣𝗲𝘀𝘁𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗲𝗮𝘀𝗲 𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗳𝗼𝗼𝗱 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴

𝗘𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗛𝗼𝗺𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗿𝘀

𝗘𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗛𝗼𝗺𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗿𝘀

𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗴𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗽𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗛𝘂𝗺𝗮𝗻-𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗹𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗹𝗶𝗰𝘁

𝗧𝗿𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗴𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗽𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗛𝘂𝗺𝗮𝗻-𝗪𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗹𝗶𝗳𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗹𝗶𝗰𝘁

𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘂𝗹𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗻 𝗱𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗵𝗮𝗯𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘁 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗴𝘂𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻

𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘂𝗹𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗻 𝗱𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗵𝗮𝗯𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘁 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗴𝘂𝗶𝗱𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻

𝗖𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗰𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗽 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗘𝘅𝗲𝗰𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗘𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀

𝗖𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗰𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗽 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗘𝘅𝗲𝗰𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗘𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀

𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗺𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗸𝗲𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗟𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿 𝗪𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗰𝗵𝘂 𝗥𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗶𝗻

𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗺𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗸𝗲𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗟𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿 𝗪𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗰𝗵𝘂 𝗥𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗶𝗻

𝗪𝗕𝗛 𝗔𝗻𝗻𝘂𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗼𝗽𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗦𝘂𝗿𝘃𝗲𝘆 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟯

𝗪𝗕𝗛 𝗔𝗻𝗻𝘂𝗮𝗹 𝗣𝗼𝗽𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗦𝘂𝗿𝘃𝗲𝘆 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟯

𝗣𝗼𝗹𝘆𝗵𝗼𝘂𝘀𝗲 𝘀𝗲𝘁𝘀 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗯𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗹𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗽𝗲

𝗣𝗼𝗹𝘆𝗵𝗼𝘂𝘀𝗲 𝘀𝗲𝘁𝘀 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗯𝘂𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗹𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗽𝗲

𝗚𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗿𝘂𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗽𝗲

𝗚𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗿𝘂𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗼𝗳 𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗽𝗲

𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗣𝗼𝗹𝘆𝗵𝗼𝘂𝘀𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗹𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗽𝗲

𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗣𝗼𝗹𝘆𝗵𝗼𝘂𝘀𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗲𝘀 𝗹𝗶𝘃𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗽𝗲

𝗔 𝗬𝗼𝘂𝘁𝗵 -𝗟𝗲𝗱 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗟𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗱 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗶𝗻 𝗦𝗮𝗺𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗵𝘂

𝗔 𝗬𝗼𝘂𝘁𝗵 -𝗟𝗲𝗱 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗟𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗵𝗼𝗼𝗱 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗶𝗻 𝗦𝗮𝗺𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗵𝘂

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 ??? 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗱𝗼𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝘁 𝗲𝗮𝘁? 𝗪𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗶𝘀 𝗶𝘁 𝗳𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱? 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝗵𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗻 𝗶𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝘆 𝗲𝘅𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗰𝘁? 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗯𝗲𝗻𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘁𝘀 𝗱𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝘆 𝗯𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴? 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘀𝗵𝗼𝘂𝗹𝗱 𝘄𝗲 𝗱𝗼 𝘁𝗼 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝘁𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗺?

𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 ??? 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗱𝗼𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝘁 𝗲𝗮𝘁? 𝗪𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗶𝘀 𝗶𝘁 𝗳𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱? 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝗵𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗻 𝗶𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝘆 𝗲𝘅𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗰𝘁? 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗯𝗲𝗻𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘁𝘀 𝗱𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝘆 𝗯𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴? 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘀𝗵𝗼𝘂𝗹𝗱 𝘄𝗲 𝗱𝗼 𝘁𝗼 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝘁𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗺?

𝗖𝗹𝗶𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲 𝗘𝗱𝘂𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻

𝗖𝗹𝗶𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲 𝗘𝗱𝘂𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻

𝗖𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗰𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗽 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗟𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗽 (𝗟𝗖𝗦𝗚)

𝗖𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗰𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗽 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗟𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗽 (𝗟𝗖𝗦𝗚)

𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 – 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻

𝗔𝗱𝘃𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗰𝘆 – 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻

𝗥𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗱 𝗵𝗮𝗯𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘁𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻

𝗥𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗱 𝗵𝗮𝗯𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘁𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻

𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗠𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗟𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗚𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗲𝘃𝗮𝗻𝘁 𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗸𝗲𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀

𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗱𝘂𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿𝘆 𝗠𝗲𝗲𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗟𝗼𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗚𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗿𝗲𝗹𝗲𝘃𝗮𝗻𝘁 𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗸𝗲𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀

𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗙𝗿𝘂𝗶𝘁 𝗦𝗮𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗱𝘂𝗿𝗯𝘂𝗶 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗣𝗵𝘂𝗹𝗮𝗯𝗶 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝘄𝗼𝗴𝘀, 𝗭𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘁

𝗦𝘂𝗽𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗙𝗿𝘂𝗶𝘁 𝗦𝗮𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗱𝘂𝗿𝗯𝘂𝗶 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗣𝗵𝘂𝗹𝗮𝗯𝗶 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝘄𝗼𝗴𝘀, 𝗭𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗴𝗮𝗻𝗴 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗰𝘁

𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘂𝗹𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗠𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗽/𝗡𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗸 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗘𝗰𝗼-𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀

𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘂𝗹𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗠𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗽/𝗡𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗸 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗘𝗰𝗼-𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀

29 White-bellied Herons

(Annual White-bellied Heron Count 2025)

+1200

Household benefitted

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